The Positive Test

Costa, 25, returned a positive test for clomiphene, a hormone and metabolic modulator, during an in-competition drug test on December 14, 2024, at the IBJJF No-Gi Worlds. Though IBJJF is not a signatory to the World Anti-Doping Code, it contracts USADA to oversee its anti-doping program. As a result, Costa’s gold medal, points, and any prizes from the event will be forfeited.

The Clomiphene Trend in Jiu-Jitsu

Clomiphene, commonly used as a fertility drug for women, has become a recurring substance in anti-doping violations among Jiu-Jitsu athletes. Research has shown that its detection window extends far longer than previously believed, meaning older methods of cycling off performance-enhancing drugs no longer work.

Costa’s case is not isolated—he joins a growing list of elite BJJ competitors who have tested positive for clomiphene, including:

• Mica Galvão
• Felipe Andrew
• Felipe Pena
• Gabi Garcia
• Pedro Pimenta

USADA’s Ruling and Consequences

USADA’s investigation concluded that Costa was prescribed the medication for therapeutic purposes under a physician’s care. However, he did not apply for a Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE), which is required before using a prohibited substance.

His suspension began on December 30, 2024, the date his provisional ban was imposed. In addition to losing his No-Gi Worlds gold medal, Costa cannot compete in any IBJJF-sanctioned events for the next year.

Bigger Implications for Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

The wave of clomiphene-related suspensions raises serious questions about the prevalence of performance-enhancing drug (PED) use in Jiu-Jitsu. With USADA’s increased presence in IBJJF competitions, more high-profile athletes may face similar sanctions.

For now, Costa’s fall from the top of the No-Gi Worlds podium serves as another reminder that Jiu-Jitsu is no longer the “wild west” of drug testing. The sport is watching.